Class 9th Biology Guess Paper 2026(Part-1)
(Punjab Board - Smart Syllabus 2025-26)
CHAPTER 1: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
1. What is Biology?
Biology is the scientific study of living organisms and their life processes.
2. Name the three major fields of Biology.
Botany(plants), Zoology (animals), and Microbiology (microorganisms).
3. What is Histology?
The microscopic study of tissues.
4. What is Genetics?
The study of heredity and variation in living organisms.
5. What is the first step in the scientific method?
Recognition of a scientific problem.
6. What is a hypothesis?
A tentative answer to a scientific problem that can be tested.
7. What is deduction in scientific method?
Logical results derived from a hypothesis,usually in "if-then" format.
8. What is Ecology?
The study of relationships between organisms and their environment.
CHAPTER 2: BIODIVERSITY
9. What is biodiversity?
The variety of organisms living in a particular area.
10. What are the three domains of life?
Archaea,Bacteria, and Eukarya.
11. Name the five kingdoms.
Monera,Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.
12. What is binomial nomenclature?
The two-name system for organisms(genus + species) invented by Carl Linnaeus.
13. Why are viruses not classified in any kingdom?
They lack cellular structure and cannot perform metabolism independently.
14. What are the characteristics of fungi?
Eukaryotic,cell walls of chitin, heterotrophic, absorb nutrients.
15. How do you write scientific names correctly?
Genus(capitalized) + species (lowercase), italicized when printed.
CHAPTER 3: THE CELL
16. Who discovered the cell?
Robert Hooke in 1665.
17. What is the function of mitochondria?
Produce energy(ATP) through cellular respiration.
18. What is the function of chloroplasts?
Carry out photosynthesis in plant cells.
19. What is the function of ribosomes?
Protein synthesis.
20. What is the function of lysosomes?
Contain digestive enzymes to break down waste.
21. What is the nucleus and its function?
Control center of the cell containing genetic material(DNA).
22. Differentiate plant and animal cells.
Plant cells have cell walls,chloroplasts, large vacuoles; animal cells have centrioles, lysosomes.
CHAPTER 4: CELL CYCLE
23. What is mitosis?
Cell division for growth and repair,producing identical daughter cells.
24. What is meiosis?
Cell division for gamete formation,producing haploid cells with half chromosomes.
25. During which phase does DNA replication occur?
S phase of interphase.
26. What is crossing over?
Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis I.
27. What is cytokinesis?
Division of cytoplasm after nuclear division.
CHAPTER 5: TISSUES, ORGANS, AND ORGAN SYSTEMS
28. What is a tissue?
Group of similar cells performing a specific function.
29. What are xylem and phloem?
Xylem transports water upward,phloem transports food in plants.
30. What is homeostasis?
Maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism.
31. Name two plant tissues.
Epidermal tissue and vascular tissue.
32. What is an organ?
Structure made of different tissues working together(e.g., heart, leaf).
CHAPTER 6: BIOMOLECULES
33. What are carbohydrates made of?
Carbon,hydrogen, oxygen (ratio H:O = 2:1).
34. Give examples of monosaccharides.
Glucose,fructose, galactose.
35. What are proteins made of?
Amino acids.
36. What are lipids made of?
Fatty acids and glycerol.
37. What is DNA and its function?
Deoxyribonucleic acid- carries genetic information.
CHAPTER 7: ENZYMES
38. What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts(proteins) that speed up reactions.
39. What is optimum temperature for human enzymes?
37°C.
40. What is active site?
Region on enzyme where substrate binds.
41. How does pH affect enzymes?
Each enzyme works best at specific pH;wrong pH denatures enzymes.
42. What are competitive inhibitors?
Molecules that compete with substrate for active site.
CHAPTER 8: BIOENERGETICS
43. What is ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate- energy currency of cells.
44. What is photosynthesis?
Process by which plants make food using sunlight,CO₂, and water.
45. What is cellular respiration?
Process by which cells break down food to release energy.
46. Differentiate aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic uses oxygen(36 ATP), anaerobic doesn't (2 ATP).
47. What is glycolysis?
Breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid in cytoplasm.
CHAPTER 9: PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
48. What is transpiration?
Loss of water vapor from plant surfaces.
49. What are stomata?
Tiny pores in leaves for gas exchange.
50. What is the function of root hairs?
Increase surface area for water and mineral absorption.
51. What is osmosis?
Movement of water through semipermeable membrane from dilute to concentrated solution.
CHAPTER 10: REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS
52. What is vegetative propagation?
Asexual reproduction using plant parts(stem, root, leaf).
53. What is pollination?
Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma.
54. What is double fertilization?
One sperm fertilizes egg,another fuses with polar nuclei in flowering plants.
55. Name methods of artificial propagation.
Cuttings,grafting, layering.
